How Worldwide Natural Disasters Impact Canada

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The Ripple Effect: How Worldwide Natural Disasters Impact Canada

Natural disasters know no borders. Devastating effects may occur thousands of miles away and the repercussions can ripple across the globe, including here in Canada. From hurricanes and earthquakes to wildfires and tsunamis our interconnected world means that no nation is immune to the consequences of these events.

1. Economic Impact

Natural disasters can wreak havoc on global supply chains, disrupting trade and commerce. As a trading nation heavily reliant on imports and exports, Canada is vulnerable to fluctuations in the global economy. Damage to key infrastructure in other countries can drive up commodity prices, impacting Canadian consumers and businesses alike.

  • If a powerful earthquake strikes a region known for its manufacturing industry, it could damage factories, warehouses, and transportation infrastructure. This disruption can lead to delays in the production and distribution of goods. It can cause shortages of products and components that are vital to industries around the world. Companies in Canada that rely on imports from affected regions experience difficulty obtaining necessary materials or parts for their manufacturing processes. This leads to production slowdowns or stoppages, impacting the output of Canadian businesses and their ability to meet consumer demand.

2. Environmental Consequences

The environmental footprint of natural disasters extends far beyond their epicenters. Pollution, deforestation, and habitat destruction resulting from events such as oil spills, forest fires, and hurricanes have far-reaching environmental consequences. These changes affect Canada’s ecosystems, wildlife habitats, and air quality, posing long-term challenges for conservation efforts.

3. Humanitarian Response

Canada has a long history of providing humanitarian aid and disaster relief to countries in need. Worldwide natural disasters often trigger large-scale humanitarian crises, requiring international efforts to provide emergency assistance, medical aid, and support. As a member of the global community, Canada plays a role in responding to these crises and supporting affected populations. Here are two examples:

  • Canada launched a significant humanitarian effort to resettle Syrian refugees fleeing conflict in their homeland. Canada welcomed over 40,000 Syrian refugees between November 2015 and February 2016. This initiative provided displaced individuals and families a safe haven, access to essential services, and opportunities for integration and resettlement in Canadian communities.
    • This comes with its own positives and negatives, but regardless of the connotation, it impacts Canadians
  • Following the earthquake that struck Haiti in January 2010, Canadian government agencies, non-governmental organizations, and military personnel mobilized to deliver emergency aid, medical supplies, and shelter materials to affected communities. Canada’s humanitarian response in Haiti focused on meeting immediate needs, supporting reconstruction efforts, and promoting long-term partnerships with the Haitian government and international organizations.

4. Climate Change

(See our article explaining more about what Climate Change is) Rising global temperatures contribute to the intensification of hurricanes, droughts, floods, and other extreme weather events, posing significant challenges for adaptation and mitigation efforts. As a northern nation, Canada is particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, including melting ice caps, changing weather patterns, and rising sea levels.

5. Public Health Risks

A perfect example of this is our most recent experience with COVID-19 and the global ramifications it posed. A short list was the affect it had on our public interactions, travel (air/land), international relations (supply chains), and education. In our history it’s possibly the first time the world “shut down”, particularly during this new information age that we live in. It was a challenge and a struggle for many.  Too many lives were lost to the tragic virus.

Other examples would include outbreaks of other types, vaccinations supplied to third world countries, local recalls, and other contamination (extreme examples such as Chernobyl, to less extreme volcanic ash inhalation risks). Our health care system works hard to provide us with services, care and options to keep us out of harms way.

In conclusion, the impact of worldwide natural disasters on Canada is multifaceted and far-reaching. From economic repercussions to environmental consequences, humanitarian response, and security concerns, these events connect our global community. As we confront the challenges posed by climate change and natural hazards, international cooperation, resilience-building, and risk management are essential to the well-being of people and the planet, both at home and abroad.

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Understanding Wildfires: Preparation Before, During & After

Fort McMurray Wildfire Evacuation

Wildfires pose a significant threat to communities and ecosystems across Canada, with devastating consequences for lives, property, and the environment. Understanding the causes of wildfires, and implementing prevention measures,  are essential for mitigating their impact. In this article, we’ll explore the frequency and origins of wildfires in Canada, as well as strategies for prevention.

Frequency of Wildfires in Canada:

Canada is no stranger to wildfires, with thousands occurring each year, particularly in forested regions. According to statistics from Natural Resources Canada, an average of over 8,000 wildfires burn across the country annually, consuming approximately 2.5 million hectares of land (approx half the size of Nova Scotia). The frequency and severity of wildfires vary from year to year, influenced by factors such as weather conditions, vegetation density, and human activity.

Some helpful websites to track current wildfires, and to further educate yourself:

Canadian National Fire Database

Canadian Red Cross

Fire Smoke Canada

FireSmart Canada

Causes of Wildfires:

Wildfires in Canada can be sparked by various sources, both natural and human-induced. Some common causes include:

  • Climate Conditions: Much of Canada is currently experiencing drought and dry seasons.
  • Campfires: Improperly extinguished or unattended campfires can easily ignite surrounding vegetation, especially during dry conditions.
  • Cigarettes: Discarded cigarette butts that are still lit or not fully extinguished can ignite dry grass, leaves, or other flammable materials.
  • Equipment Use: Sparks or hot exhaust from equipment such as chainsaws, lawn mowers, or off-road vehicles can ignite dry vegetation.
  • Arson: Deliberately set fires by individuals intending to cause damage or harm.
  • Powerlines: Malfunctioning electrical equipment or downed powerlines can generate sparks that ignite nearby vegetation.
  • Railways: Sparks from passing trains or malfunctioning equipment along railway tracks can ignite adjacent vegetation.
  • Lightning: Natural lightning strikes during thunderstorms can ignite wildfires, particularly in forested areas with dry vegetation.
  • Outdoor Burning: Burning yard waste, agricultural debris, or other materials outdoors without proper permits or precautions can lead to wildfires.
  • Fireworks: Improper use of fireworks, particularly in areas with dry vegetation, can spark wildfires.
  • Vehicle Accidents: Collisions or accidents involving vehicles can produce sparks or ignition sources that ignite nearby vegetation, especially if vehicles come into contact with flammable materials.
  • Hazardous Activities: Activities such as welding, grinding, or cutting metal in areas with dry vegetation can generate sparks that ignite wildfires if proper precautions are not taken.

Things to Know Before A Wildfire:

An Evacuation Order means you are at risk and should evacuate the area immediately. Follow the routes specified by officials and move away from the fire as directed.

An Evacuation Alert means that you should be ready to leave on short notice, but do not yet evacuate

Learn fire safety techniques and teach them to members of your family. Discuss concepts such as:

      • Stay Calm
      • Assess Your Surroundings
      • Seek Shelter
      • Stay Low: If trapped outside, stay as low to the ground as possible to avoid smoke inhalation and heat exposure. Cover your mouth and nose with a cloth or mask to protect yourself from smoke and ash.
      • Call for Help: If you have access to a phone, call emergency services (such as 911) and provide your location and situation.
      • Signal for Help: If you are unable to call for help, use signaling devices such as whistles, flashlights, or brightly colored clothing to attract the attention of rescuers or nearby individuals.
      • Stay Informed: Listen for updates and instructions from emergency responders or authorities via radio, television, or other communication channels.
      • Stay Put (unless directed): In most cases, it is safer to stay put and wait for help to arrive rather than attempting to outrun the fire. Moving through a wildfire can be extremely dangerous and increase the risk of injury or death.
      • Stay Hydrated: Drink water regularly to stay hydrated, especially if you are exposed to heat and smoke for an extended period.

Keep your vehicle fueled and determine two routes out of your neighborhood.72 hour kit 4 person deluxe

Practice your evacuation plan regularly.

If you are on a farm or ranch, leaving livestock unsheltered is preferable, or if time and personal safety permits, evacuation them from the danger zone should be considered.​

Make a personalized 72 hour emergency kit.

During a Wildfire:

If you find yourself in a situation similar of needing to evacuate: grab your emergency kit(s), and follow the instructions of your local officials. Some other tips for your safety to consider:

  • Be prepared to evacuate at any time. If told to evacuate, do so. If told to shelter at home, do so.
  • Monitor local radio stations for up-to-date information on the fire and possible road closures.
  • Park your car, positioned forward out of the driveway. Keep car windows closed and have your valuables ready to be packed in your car should you need to evacuate.
  • If you do not evacuate, close all windows and doors in the house to reduce smoke and debris entering your home. Follow instructions on how to minimize fire damage.
  • Move all combustibles away from the house, including firewood and lawn furniture. Move any propane barbeques into the open, away from structures.

After a Wildfire:

Conduct post-fire assessments to determine the extend of the damage. Take photos and document everything for insurance purposes. Do you not enter or return to your home if there are any visible dangers to your well being.

Utilize if needed support services and resources within your community, including assistance with rebuilding homes, restoring utilities, and addressing emotional and mental health needs in the aftermath of a wildfire.

Conclusion:

To conclude, I’d like to remind everyone once more how to actively do our part in preventing a forest fire from occurring.

  1. Follow Fire Restrictions: Pay attention to fire restrictions and bans issued by local authorities, especially during periods of high fire danger. Avoid outdoor activities that could potentially ignite wildfires, such as campfires, fireworks, and outdoor burning, when restrictions are in place.
  2. Properly Dispose of Cigarettes: Never discard cigarettes, matches, or smoking materials in forested areas or dry vegetation. Always extinguish smoking materials completely in designated receptacles or containers.
  3. Campfire Safety: If allowed, build campfires in designated fire rings or pits away from overhanging branches, dry grass, or other flammable materials. Keep campfires small, never leave them unattended, and fully extinguish them with water before leaving.
    Pro Tip: Have a bucket of water near your fire for quick extinguishing of your campfire
  4. Equipment Safety: Use equipment such as chainsaws, lawnmowers, and off-road vehicles with caution in forested areas. Avoid operating equipment on dry or windy days, and ensure equipment is properly maintained to prevent sparks or hot exhaust from igniting wildfires.
  5. Report Suspicious Activity: Report any suspicious or illegal activity, such as unauthorized burning or arson, to local authorities immediately. Early detection and intervention can help prevent wildfires from spreading and causing extensive damage.
  6. Practice Safe Outdoor Burning: If permitted, follow guidelines for outdoor burning and obtain necessary permits from local authorities. Monitor weather conditions and avoid burning on windy days or during periods of high fire danger.
  7. Educate and Raise Awareness: Raise awareness about wildfire prevention and safety within your community through educational programs, workshops, and outreach efforts. Encourage neighbors and community members to take proactive measures to prevent wildfires and promote a culture of fire safety.
  8. Be Prepared: Be prepared to respond quickly and effectively in the event of a wildfire. Maintain an emergency evacuation plan, assemble an emergency kit with essential supplies, and stay informed about wildfire risks and updates from local authorities.
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What To Do When the Power Grid Fails?

Way to check hot and cold temps outdoors celcius

True Story: Emergency Alert: Power Grid Failure

Here in Cochrane Alberta it has been an exciting year, this time with a power grid failure. Less than 3 months ago we had an emergency water line break that put the entire town under a water rationing and conservation order. Fast forward a few months to January 2024, where we experienced some record breaking cold temperatures (as cold as -50C I hear in some parts of the province).

If you live in Alberta, you may have received a similar looking notification:

This arrived on my phone (and every phone in our home!). My 3 boys decided this was a perfect moment to put into practice our emergency plans. Next thing I knew my entire house was dark (minus the light in the living room where I was), unnecessary appliances were unplugged, and flashlights were all lit. They discussed amongst themselves that any snacks to be had were to be ready-to-eat style, no cooking allowed. My boys impressed me. They took the alert very seriously, and leaped into action to do their part. My youngest innocently asked if we could still use water (after that not so long ago water emergency).

The Miracle: People listened! Within 2 hours the alert was lifted. There was a drastic drop in electricity usage across the province, allowing the grid to stabilize.

What Is a Power Grid?

A power grid, electrical grid or electric grid, is a network of electrical components that work together to generate, transmit, and distribute electricity to consumers. It is a complex system that involves power generation, transmission, and distribution. The power grid in Canada, like in many other countries, is designed to ensure a reliable and efficient supply of electricity to homes, businesses, and industries.

Components of a Power Grid:

  1. Power Generation:
    • Power plants generate electricity by converting various energy sources into electrical power. In Canada, these sources include hydroelectric, nuclear, fossil fuels (such as natural gas and coal), wind, solar, and biomass.
  2. electricityTransmission:
    • Generated electricity is transmitted over long distances from power plants to local distribution centers. High-voltage transmission lines supported by transmission towers, carry electricity across the grid.
  3. Substations:
    • Substations are facilities that transform the electricity’s voltage. They receive high-voltage electricity from transmission lines and step it down to lower voltages for distribution.
  4. Distribution:
    • The distribution network carries electricity from substations to homes, businesses, and industries. This network includes medium-voltage and low-voltage power lines.
  5. Consumers:
    • Homes, businesses, and industries are the end-users of electricity and draw power through lighting, heating, cooling, and powering electronic devices.
  6. Grid Operators:
    • Grid operators manage and monitor the entire system to ensure a balance between electricity supply and demand. They use advanced control systems to maintain grid stability and respond to emergencies.

Safety Steps To Take:

  1. Stay Warm:
    • Focus on staying warm in extremely cold temperatures. Wear layered clothing, including hats and gloves, and use blankets to retain body heat. If possible, gather in a single room to conserve warmth.
  2. Check for Updates:
    • Use a battery-powered radio to listen for updates and information from local authorities or emergency services. They may provide guidance on the duration of the power outage, emergency shelters, and safety tips.
  3. Emergency Kit or Storage:
    • Access your emergency resources, which should include essential items like non-perishable food, water, flashlights, batteries, first aid supplies, and any necessary medications. Have supplies to last 72 hours in your grab and go bags.
  4. Alternative Heating Source:
    • Follow proper guidelines for your backup heating sources such as a generator, wood stove, or kerosene heater.
  5. Protect Against Frozen Pipes:
    • Take measures to prevent frozen pipes, which can lead to water damage. Allow faucets to drip to keep water flowing and open cabinet doors to allow warm air to circulate around pipes.
Conclusion:

In Canada, the power grid is managed by various regional entities providing a diverse energy mix. The Canadian power grid is interconnected within provinces and territories. The reliability and resilience of the grid ensures a continuous and stable power supply to meet the needs of the population.

 

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All You Need To Know About Hurricanes: AKA Tropical Cyclones

hurricane

Hurricanes are named and identified through an international system coordinated by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). Information was used from the linked website and also the National Hurricane Center, referenced below.

WMO Headquarters is located in Geneva, Switzerland, headed by the United Nations Secretariat. There is a Board of Directors that meet monthly, to discuss the progress of the organizations objectives and goals. WMO works with 193 states and territories across the world. The Organization plays a leading role in international efforts to monitor and protect from the climate and the environment, in particular to weather, climate and water.

The Different Terminologies

Different terminology is used for this weather phenomenon depending on the location:

  • In the Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico, the North Atlantic Ocean and the eastern and central North Pacific Ocean, it is called “hurricane“
  • In the western North Pacific, it is called “typhoon“
  • In the Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea, it is called “cyclone“
  • In western South Pacific and southeast Indian Ocean, it is called “severe tropical cyclone”
  • In the southwest Indian Ocean, it is called “tropical cyclone”.

Here’s an overview of how hurricanes are named and identified:

Naming Hurricanes:

What’s in a Name?
    • Historically, storms were named, but usually after the fact, and based on a person or object or location.
        • For example, an Atlantic storm that ripped the mast off a boat named Antje would become known as Antje’s hurricane.
    • Using female names for storms started in the middle of the 20th century. Then, in the pursuit of a more organized system, meteorologists in the North Atlantic decided to identify storms using names from an alphabetical list.
    • As of 1953, the National Hurricane Center provided the name lists for Atlantic tropical storms.
    • In 1979, male names were introduced, alternating with the female names.

Names are retired if a hurricane is particularly deadly or costly.

    • WMO has now developed strict procedures to determine a list of tropical cyclone names. There are different rules for naming cyclones in different parts of the world.
        • In some places like the Atlantic and Southern Hemisphere, cyclones are named alphabetically, alternating men’s and women’s names.
        • In other regions, names follow the alphabetical order of the countries.

Naming tropical cyclones has proven to be the fastest way to communicate warnings and raise public awareness and preparedness. Assigning names to tropical cyclones makes tracking and discussing specific storms more straightforward, especially when multiple storms are active simultaneously. Additionally, naming tropical cyclones can aid historical record-keeping and research on storm behavior and impacts.

The Process of Naming Tropical Cyclones

The WMO has a running list of 6 years worth of names, which cycle through every 6 years. Ex: The first Hurricane of 2024 in the Atlantic region will be named Alberto, and then again in 2030 the first Hurricane of 2030 will be named Alberto (of course so long as Alberto doesn’t pose a dangerous threat his first time, eliminating him from the list).

The National Hurricane Center provides a lengthy list of the the names, in which I will portray with just one sample list:

When selecting a new name should a name have been stricken or removed, the WMO go through a set process, using some the following consideration:

  • Short in character length for ease of use in communication
  • Easy to pronounce
  • Appropriate significance in different languages
  • Uniqueness – same names cannot be used in other regions.

Identifying Hurricanes:

Formation: Step by Step Explanation
  • Hurricanes require warm ocean water as their primary energy source. Sea surface temperatures of at least 26.5 degrees Celsius (80 degrees Fahrenheit) or higher are necessary for the initial development and intensification of a hurricane.
  • The atmosphere above the warm ocean water must be unstable, allowing warm, moist air near the surface to rise rapidly. This process is crucial for the formation of powerful updrafts.
  • The Coriolis effect, caused by the rotation of the Earth, is necessary for the development of the initial spin or rotation of a tropical cyclone.
      • The Coriolis effect is weak near the equator, so hurricanes do not form within about 5 degrees of latitude from it.
  • A pre-existing weather disturbance, such as a cluster of thunderstorms, is needed to initiate the formation of a hurricane.
      • As warm air over the ocean surface rises, it creates an area of low pressure at the surface.
  • When the weather disturbance becomes more organized and the winds around the low-pressure center strengthen, a tropical depression can form (less than 60mph wind speeds).
  • If the tropical depression intensifies, with sustained winds reaching or exceeding 60mph, it is upgraded to a tropical storm.
  • The storm is given a name at this stage, according to the rotating list of names for the specific region, as explained above.
Categorizing Hurricanes:
  • The hurricane is categorized into different levels (Category 1 to Category 5) based on its sustained wind speed, according to the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale.
  • One of the most dangerous aspects of a hurricane making landfall is the storm surge. This is a rapid rise in sea level caused by the hurricane’s winds pushing water toward the shore.
  • Storm surge can result in coastal flooding, inundating low-lying areas and causing significant damage to coastal infrastructure.
  • Hurricanes bring extremely strong winds, and when they make landfall, these winds can cause widespread damage to buildings, trees, power lines, and other structures.
  • Hurricanes are associated with heavy rainfall, which can lead to flash floods, river flooding, land or mud slides.
  • Landfalling hurricanes can spawn tornadoes, adding an additional threat to affected regions.
Eye Formation:
  • Mature hurricanes typically have a well-defined center known as the eye, which is surrounded by a eyewall which is where much there is much heat formed, and this heat is what fuels the storm
  • The eye is often calm, with clear skies.
  • The diameter of the eye can vary widely, from a few kilometers to more than 100 kilometers (60 miles) in large hurricanes. (A hurricane can be as wide overall as big as 200-500kms, even bigger has been known to occur.)
  • Smaller eyes are often associated with more intense hurricanes.
  • In summary, the calmness of the eye is a result of descending air, centrifugal force, low pressure, conservation of angular momentum, and the heat release in the surrounding eyewall. The unique combination of these factors (kind of magically if you ask me) creates a relatively tranquil and clear center within the turbulent environment of a tropical cyclone.
Hurricanes are Sustained by Warm Water:
  • The hurricane’s strength and intensity are sustained by the warm ocean water, as long as the storm remains over these warm waters.

It’s important to note that not all tropical disturbances develop into hurricanes, and the conditions described above are necessary but not always sufficient. The complex interplay of atmospheric and oceanic conditions influences the formation and intensification of hurricanes.

Public Alerts: Stay Informed

  • When a hurricane poses a threat to coastal areas, public alerts and warnings are issued through various channels, including television, radio, and emergency notification systems.
  • Evacuation orders may be issued to ensure the safety of residents in the hurricane’s path.

Hurricane Preparation:

  • Emergency Kit: Prepare an emergency kit – view our article detailing this further.
  • Evacuation Plan: Know your evacuation routes and follow evacuation orders if issued. See our article about how to create your own evacuation plan.
  • Secure Property: Secure windows and doors with storm shutters or plywood. Move outdoor furniture, vehicles, and other items indoors or to a secure location.
  • Protect Important Documents: Safeguard important documents such as identification, insurance policies, and medical records in waterproof containers.
  • Emergency Shelter: If staying at home is not safe, seek shelter in designated evacuation centers.
  • Stay Indoors During the Storm: Once the hurricane arrives, stay indoors and away from windows. Be prepared for power outages, and use flashlights instead of candles.
  • After the Storm: Wait for official clearance before returning home or venturing outdoors. Be cautious of hazards such as flooded areas, downed power lines, and debris.

In Canada we are not as affected by Hurricanes, however they can happen! And, if you are a world-traveler by nature, it is important to know and educate oneself about how and when these storms are common around our glorious coastal world.

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Hot & Cold Weather Clothing: 2 for 1 Article

Upper Kananaskis Lake

Article 1: Embracing the Heat
The Ultimate Guide to Hot Weather Outdoor Activities

When the sun is blazing and the temperatures are soaring, outdoor enthusiasts need clothing that not only keeps them cool but also ensures safety and comfort during hot weather adventures. Whether you’re hitting the hiking trails or engaging in sports under the scorching sun, your choice of clothing can make all the difference.

Embrace Breathable Fabrics

In the sweltering heat, lightweight and breathable fabrics are your best companions. Opt for moisture-wicking synthetic materials or lightweight merino wool. These materials efficiently pull sweat away from your skin, keeping you cool and preventing discomfort during activities.

On hot days, choosing the right material for your clothing can make a significant difference in your comfort level. The best materials for hot weather are those that are loose fitting, breathable, lightweight, and have moisture-wicking properties. Here are some materials that are particularly well-suited for hot days:

  1. Cotton:
    • Pros: Cotton is a natural and breathable fabric that allows air to circulate, making it suitable for hot weather. It’s comfortable and absorbs moisture, keeping you cool.
    • Cons: While cotton is breathable, it can absorb and retain moisture, potentially leading to a damp feeling. It may not dry as quickly as synthetic fabrics.
  2. Linen:
    • Pros: Linen is a lightweight and breathable fabric that allows heat to escape from the body. It’s known for its natural cooling properties and is comfortable in hot and humid conditions.
    • Cons: Linen wrinkles easily, so it may not maintain a polished appearance throughout the day.
  3. Moisture-Wicking Fabrics (Polyester, Nylon, and Blends):
    • Pros: Fabrics designed to wick away moisture, such as polyester and nylon, are excellent choices for hot weather. These materials pull sweat away from the body, promoting faster evaporation and keeping you dry.
    • Cons: Some people find that pure synthetic fabrics can trap odors more than natural fibers. Look for blends that incorporate antimicrobial properties to address this issue.
  4. Merino Wool:
    • Pros: Merino wool is a natural fiber that is surprisingly effective in hot weather. It has moisture-wicking properties and helps regulate body temperature. Additionally, it has the advantage of being odor-resistant.
    • Cons: Merino wool garments can be more expensive than some synthetic options.
  5. Rayon (Viscose):
    • Pros: Rayon is a semi-synthetic fabric derived from natural sources. It’s lightweight, breathable, and has a silky feel. Rayon clothing is comfortable and suitable for warm weather.
    • Cons: Rayon may not be as durable as some other fabrics and may require special care during washing.
  6. CoolMax:
    • Pros: CoolMax is a specialized synthetic fabric designed for moisture management. It wicks away sweat, allowing for quick evaporation and keeping you cool during physical activities.
    • Cons: While effective, clothing made from CoolMax or similar high-performance fabrics may be more geared towards sports and outdoor activities.

Long Sleeves and UPF Protection

Contrary to popular belief, long sleeves can be a game-changer in hot weather. Choose shirts with built-in UPF (Ultraviolet Protection Factor) to shield your skin from the sun’s harmful rays. This not only prevents sunburn but also reduces the risk of heat-related illnesses.

Stay Cool with Convertible Pants

Invest in convertible pants that can be transformed into shorts when the heat becomes too intense. Look for pants with ventilation features, such as zippered vents, to enhance airflow and regulate your body temperature during outdoor activities.staying in the shade during a heat stretch

Sun Protection Essentials

Shield yourself from the intense sun by wearing a wide-brimmed hat that provides shade. Don’t forget to don UV-blocking sunglasses to protect your eyes from harsh glare and potential UV damage. Of course, sunscreen or sunblock is also great for protecting your skin from the UV rays. As a fair skinned soul, I keep a SPF30 close by during the summer time!

Hydration-Friendly Clothing

Staying hydrated is crucial in hot weather. Choose clothing with pockets to accommodate water bottles or hydration systems. Some outdoor apparel even incorporates moisture-wicking technology to enhance the cooling effect. Keep a travel towel handy in your hiking pack or sports bag. (Hydration with H2O of course is the top way to stay hydrated!)

Beach Time

Of course in the summer heat, playing or sitting by the lake, river, ocean, etc. can be very satisfying! Consider a shade source, like an umbrella if there are no natural ones nearby. Beachwear comes in many different styles and sizes. Rash-guards may not be as visually appealing to some, but serve as an excellent protectant from UV rays.

Conclusion:

Incorporating these hot weather clothing tips into your outdoor wardrobe ensures you can enjoy your adventures without wilting in the heat. Stay cool, stay safe, and embrace the thrill of outdoor activities even in the warmest conditions.

 

Article 2: Conquering the Chill
Essential Clothing for Cold Weather in the Outdoors

hiking in the winter

When winter’s chill sets in and snow blankets the landscape, outdoor enthusiasts gear up for a different kind of adventure. Whether you’re conquering snowy trails or engaging in cold weather sports, the right clothing is paramount to staying warm, comfortable, and safe in icy conditions.

Before we get into it, here are some materials that are particularly well-suited for cold weather:

  1. Wool:
    • Pros: Wool, especially merino wool, is an excellent insulator that retains warmth even when wet. It wicks moisture away from the body, keeping you dry. Wool also has natural antimicrobial properties, reducing odor.
    • Cons: Some people may find wool to be itchy, but high-quality merino wool is known for its softness.
  2. Down:
    • Pros: Down insulation, typically sourced from ducks or geese, is incredibly effective at trapping heat. Down jackets and vests provide excellent warmth without adding much weight.
    • Cons: Down loses its insulating properties when wet, so it’s essential to pair it with a waterproof or water-resistant outer layer.
  3. Synthetic Insulation (Thinsulate, PrimaLoft):
    • Pros: Synthetic insulation is designed to mimic the warmth-retaining properties of down but maintains insulation even when wet. It’s lightweight and suitable for various cold-weather activities.
    • Cons: While synthetic insulation has come a long way, it may not provide the same level of warmth-to-weight ratio as down.
  4. Fleece:
    • Pros: Fleece is a warm and breathable material that dries quickly. It’s often used as a mid-layer to provide additional insulation under a shell or outer layer.
    • Cons: Fleece alone may not be sufficient in very cold and windy conditions, so layering is often recommended.
  5. Gore-Tex and Other Waterproof/Breathable Fabrics:
    • Pros: For outer layers, waterproof and breathable fabrics like Gore-Tex are crucial. They keep out wind and moisture while allowing perspiration to escape, preventing you from getting wet and chilled.
    • Cons: These fabrics may be less breathable in extremely cold conditions, and they can be more expensive.
  6. Thermal or Moisture-Wicking Base Layers:
    • Pros: Base layers made from thermal or moisture-wicking fabrics (such as polyester or merino wool) are essential for keeping you dry by wicking sweat away from your body. They also provide an extra layer of insulation.
    • Cons: Choosing the right weight for your base layer depends on the severity of the cold weather.
  7. Polyester and Nylon Blends:
    • Pros: These synthetic materials are often blended with other fabrics to create durable, moisture-wicking, and quick-drying clothing. They are commonly used in activewear for cold weather.
    • Cons: While effective, some people may find that these fabrics do not have the same insulating properties as natural fibers.

Start with a Moisture-Wicking Base Layerhiking during the winter

Begin your cold weather ensemble with a moisture-wicking base layer that pulls sweat away from your skin, preventing the chilling effect of dampness. Materials like merino wool or synthetic fibers work well to keep you dry and warm.

Layer Up for Insulation

Add an insulating layer to trap body heat. Fleece or down jackets are excellent choices for cold conditions, providing effective insulation without adding excessive bulk. The key is to create layers that can be adjusted based on the intensity of the cold.

Embrace Waterproof and Windproof Outer Layers

Shield yourself from winter elements with a waterproof and windproof outer layer. Look for jackets and pants made from breathable, waterproof materials like Gore-Tex to keep you dry in rain or snow. This outer layer acts as a barrier against wind chill and moisture.

Protect Extremities with Insulated Accessories

winter time preparation

Don’t forget your extremities. Insulated hats and gloves are crucial to retaining heat and preventing frostbite in cold weather. Look for options with moisture-wicking properties to keep you warm and dry.

  • Consider the Activity: The type of gloves you need depends on the activity. For instance, skiing gloves will differ from those used for hiking or everyday use.
  • Down or Synthetic Insulation: If you’ll be in extremely cold conditions, look for gloves with down or synthetic insulation. Down provides excellent warmth but loses its insulating properties when wet, while synthetic insulation retains warmth even when damp.
  • Waterproof or Water-Resistant: If you anticipate exposure to rain, snow, or wet conditions, opt for waterproof or water-resistant gloves. This is especially important for activities like skiing or snowboarding.
  • Leather: Leather gloves are durable, provide good insulation, and can be water-resistant when treated. They are suitable for various activities, including casual wear and outdoor pursuits.
  • Synthetic Materials: Gloves made from synthetic materials like nylon or polyester are often lightweight, quick-drying, and suitable for activities where dexterity is crucial.
  • Snug but Not Tight: Gloves should fit snugly without being too tight. A snug fit helps retain heat, but overly tight gloves can restrict circulation and reduce warmth.

Invest in Thermal Socks and Insulated Footwearwinter boots

Keep your feet warm and dry by wearing thermal socks and insulated, waterproof footwear. Cold feet can quickly sap your energy, so investing in quality footwear is essential for winter excursions. Footwear comes with ratings for temperatures, and water proof/resistance details. Picking appropriate footwear will make your outdoor journey much more pleasant!

Choosing the right thermal socks is crucial for keeping your feet warm and comfortable in cold weather. Here are some factors to consider when selecting thermal socks:

  • Material:
    • Merino Wool: Known for its natural insulation properties, merino wool is an excellent choice for thermal socks. It regulates temperature, wicks moisture away from the skin, and is odor-resistant.
    • Synthetic Materials (Polyester, Nylon): Some thermal socks blend synthetic materials for added durability, moisture-wicking, and quick-drying properties.
  • Thickness: Thermal socks come in different thickness levels. Consider the severity of the cold weather and the level of insulation you need. Thicker socks provide more warmth but may be less suitable for tight-fitting shoes.
  • Breathability: Look for thermal socks with moisture-wicking properties. This feature helps keep your feet dry by drawing sweat away from the skin, preventing discomfort and potential cold-related issues.
  • Consider the Activity: If you’ll be engaging in high-impact activities, choose thermal socks with adequate cushioning and padding for added comfort and protection.
  • Reduced Friction: Seamless construction minimizes friction and reduces the likelihood of blisters. This is particularly important for extended wear and activities such as hiking or snow sports.
  • Choose the Right Length: Thermal socks come in various lengths, from ankle to knee-high. Consider the type of footwear you’ll be wearing and choose a length that provides adequate coverage and fits comfortably.
  • Snug Fit: Thermal socks should fit snugly without being too tight. A proper fit ensures efficient insulation and prevents discomfort.
Conclusion:

By tailoring your clothing choices to the specific challenges of cold weather, you’ll not only stay warm but also enhance your performance and safety during winter outdoor sports. Embrace the chill, layer up, and conquer the winter wonderland with confidence.

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Barter & Trade: Can I Do It?

handshake unity

Barter & Trade is the direct exchange of goods and services without using money. In early human societies, people engaged in barter out of necessity, swapping surplus goods with others to meet their diverse needs. This rudimentary form of trade marked the foundation of economic transactions.

Bartering or trading can be a creative and resourceful way for individuals or families to meet their needs without relying solely on traditional currency. Here are some practical real life ideas:

Skill Swapping:Car Maintenance
  • Exchange academic skills. For example, if one tax accountant requires some mechanical work, they could exchange services in place of a currency.
Tutoring Services:
  • Family members with expertise in certain subjects can offer tutoring services in exchange for help with household chores, such as cleaning or organizing.
  • An individual proficient in a subject could offer tutoring in exchange for lawn services or music lessons.
Meal Exchange:jar salad
  • Organize meal exchanges with neighbors or friends. Each unit takes turns preparing a meal for the others, allowing everyone to enjoy diverse home-cooked dishes without the need for monetary transactions.
Clothing Swap:
  • Families or neighborhoods can organize clothing swaps with friends or within their community. This allows for refreshing wardrobes without spending money. It’s an eco-friendly way to reduce waste and promote a sense of community.
Book or Textbook Exchange:
  • People can organize book exchanges to share textbooks or leisure reading materials. This not only helps save money on purchasing new books but also promotes a culture of shared resources.
Rideshare or Carpooling:
  • Those with transportation needs can organize a rideshare or carpooling system. One might also offer rides in exchange for assistance with grocery shopping or other tasks.
Childcare Exchange:cooking a meal together
  • Parents can organize a childcare exchange with other families. Each family takes turns looking after the children, allowing parents to have some free time without the expense of hiring a babysitter.
Home Maintenance Assistance:
  • People with skills in home maintenance, such as plumbing, carpentry, or landscaping, can offer their services to others in exchange for assistance with tasks they may not excel in, like tutoring or meal preparation.
Language Exchange:
  • Students studying different languages can engage in language exchange programs. For instance, a student fluent in Spanish might help another student with their Spanish studies in exchange for assistance with English.
Digital Services:
  • People with digital skills, such as graphic or web design, coding, or content creation, can offer their services in exchange for goods or assistance. For instance, designing a flyer for a neighbor’s event in return for gardening help.

These examples illustrate that bartering or trading doesn’t have to be limited to goods; it can involve skills, services, and time, creating a sense of community and mutual support. Such exchanges can lead to cost savings and stronger social connections.

Other Ways to Barter/Trade:

Freecycle and Buy Nothing Groups:
  • Join local Freecycle or Buy Nothing groups where people offer items they no longer need for free or in exchange for something else. This is an excellent way to declutter your home or acquire items without spending money.
Tool Libraries:
  • Some communities have tool libraries where members can borrow tools they need for home projects instead of purchasing them. Consider contributing to the library by offering your skills or assistance.
    • Ex: Cochrane, AB Public Library has a tool lending library, and also seasonally offer snow shoes, or hiking/camping gear
Fitness Class Swaps:
  • Fitness enthusiasts can arrange class swaps. For instance, someone who teaches yoga might exchange classes with a friend who offers personal training sessions.
Gardening Swaps:garden
  • Gardeners can swap seeds, plants, or even the produce from their gardens. This not only fosters community but also encourages sustainable and local agriculture.
    • Ex: My neighbor has a green house and she grows tomatoes and other more delicate-to-Alberta-weather plants. I grow the hearty root vegetables, and other options, and we exchange at harvest.
Homestay or House Swaps:
  • Families or individuals can arrange homestays or house swaps for vacations. This allows people to explore new places without the cost of accommodation.
Knowledge Bartering:
  • Offer your expertise or knowledge in a particular field in exchange for learning something new. This informal education exchange can happen between individuals with different skills or interests.

These real-life examples illustrate the diverse ways people engage in barter and trade, showcasing the flexibility and adaptability of these systems in various aspects of life. Do a personal inventory and self evaluation: learn your skills and talents, and pursue your interests. Be prepared and willing to barter or trade with those around you! Happy trading!

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How to Create an Evacuation Plan and Route

Calgary Alberta Map showing 4 evacuation routes from Lake Bonavista

In the event of an evacuation from your home, there are many moving components. In this post we will address this through a step by step process on how to create an evacuation plan and route that will get you safely out of your community during an emergency. We will use a fictional situation, fictional homes, and fictional characters to outline how this can be done.

Firstly, the following is a statement from the Government of Canada’s “Get Prepared” website: (We will address many of these points further into the article in greater detail)

 

Evacuation orders

Authorities will not ask you to leave your home unless they have reason to believe that you may be in danger.

If you are ordered to evacuate, take your emergency kit … Bring a cellular phone and spare battery or charger with you, if you have one. Use travel routes specified by local authorities.

If you have time, call or e-mail your out-of-town contact. Tell them where you are going and when you expect to arrive. Once you are safe, let them know. Tell them if any family members have become separated.

If possible, leave a note telling others when you left and where you are. Shut off water and electricity if officials tell you to do so.

Leave natural gas service on unless officials tell you to turn it off. If you turn off the gas, the gas company has to reconnect it. In a major emergency, it could take weeks for a professional to respond.

Take pets with you. Lock your home. Follow instructions from authorities.

If you go to an evacuation centre, register your personal information at the registration desk. Do not return home until authorities advise that it is safe to do so.

Details of our Fictional Situation:

Our fictional story is the following (using popular locations for exaggeration to visualize the process):

  • The Smith family:
      • Mom (peanut allergy), works part time at grocery store
      • Dad (main income provider), coaches basketball for his son’s team
      • Son (14), in grade 9, has learners license, plays basketball
      • Daughter (5), kindergarten, attends day care after school 3 days a week
      • Pete the Cat

Their current residence is in Lake Bonavista, Calgary Alberta and today they have received word of the need to evacuate parts of the city. There is a wildfire in Fish Creek park that is billowing out of control, with an east wind pushing it. Presently Calgary is in drought conditions. The requested evacuation areas will be shown via a map in a real life situation, below is a faux example. It would look something similar to this (with a color coded legend showing fire location, and evacuation zones).

(Purple: Evac zone)

Important Definitions:
  • Evacuation Alert: A warning to prepare to evacuate if the situation changes.
  • Evacuation Order: this is a mandatory evacuation, meaning immediately. By not abiding, you are potentially putting emergency responders at risk. Follow instructions if this order is put in place. Remember, you will not be asked to leave unless it is of great importance to your safety
  • Shelter in Place: Sometimes the situation is best handled to stay indoors where you are. Follow instructions, and keep up to date.
  • Evacuation Rescinded: This is the all clear that it is safe to return home. Be sure to seek up to date information on your community.
Types of Evacuations:
  • Evacuation of community (due to fire, flood, burst pipes, etc)
      • Keep a map of the area and prepare multiple routes. GPS is great, but should you have no internet access, a physical map, and knowledge of your routes is important
      • Know where to get up to date traffic information
  • Evacuation of home (due to fire, flood, burst pipes, etc)
      • Floor plan layout showing emergency exits and escape routes
      • Consider upper level homes to have a ladder option for escape
  • Evacuation of home (due to emotional trauma or personal safety)
      • *Note, we will not be addressing this specific type of evac during this article, but many of the same concepts do apply, and supports for victims of abuse, or other types of reasons to leave their homes can reach out to a variety of shelters and government agencies

The Evacuation Plan In Action:

Step 1: Stay informed and listen for how it affects you directly

Receive notification of an evacuation alert, evacuation order, or shelter in place. In the Smith’s case, they were on an evacuation alert, and then received an evacuation order. In Alberta we have the Alberta Emergency Alert app. Each province may have a similar system in place.

Canada also operates Alert Ready. This is our nation-wide system to reach people through radio, television, and compatible cell phones. You can go to the website to see if your phone is compatible to receive notifications.

PRO TIP: Stay Calm. After you hear that emergency alert sound – your body will be freshly flush with adrenaline and you will have a thousand thoughts flooding through your mind. Better to take a few moments, sit down, take some deep breaths, and then begin your plan when you have your mental and physical under control –  than to start running around in a craze and make bad choices.

Step 2: Gather Supplies/Gear

The Smith family happen to be scattered when evacuation order comes in. The fire had been burning for 24 hours, and there was an evacuation alert in place already. Dad & Son are 2 blocks over at the community center (staying close to home), while Mom & Daughter are at home, in the middle of preparing supper.

Mom & Dad immediately get on the telephone to touch base with one another, and confirm that Dad & Son are en-route home. Mom & Daughter quickly clean up dinner (turn off the stove and package what is able to be brought with them), and begin loading the already gathered supplies into their vehicle. Having been in a evacuation alert, they had already gathered necessary items, ready to go. The goal the Smith’s practiced for is to be out the door & on the road within 10 minutes.

The Smith’s pack & go list looks like this: Smith family emerg list. In the event of enough time, the additional step of grabbing keepsakes is a part of their plan.

The Red Cross also has an excellent 14 page document to fill in for each family member to store in your emergency binder.

Smith Family Quick Checklist

  • 72 hour kit
  • Additional emergency gear
  • Emergency binder & important document bin
  • Grab & Go food bin of snacks plus grab & go water jug
  • Electronics – computer, tablets, phones, chargers
  • Daughter & Son: given assignments
  • Mom: Epi-pen
  • Emergency cash
  • Pete the cat and his grab & go bag

Note: If you have NOT been advised to evacuate, but are on alert or shelter in place, please respect the instructions of the authorities. Mass panic, stress, and excess people on the roads can cause accidents, and unnecessary traffic, potentially causing danger to those in an evacuation location.

Step 3: Before Leaving Your Home
  • Turn off electricity if instructed. If not, be sure all lights and necessary appliances are unplugged
  • Turn off water
  • Leave a note on the front door indicating all occupants have evacuated safely (follow instructions via local authorities as to how to indicate this)
  • Unless instructed, do not turn off natural gas
  • Cat supplies & Pete the Cat (or whatever pet(s) you have)
  • Lock your home

Tips:

(This is a link to another resource from the Red Cross regarding evacuations)

  • Make sure to wear shoes and clothing appropriate for the conditions.
  • If time permits and flooding is the emergency, move any cherished items away from flood-able areas (consider storing such items long term in upper levels of home)
  • Offer to help any neighbours who may need assistance evacuating.
  • Use only the travel routes provided by community officials as you leave. Using a shortcut could take you to a dangerous area or a road that is blocked.
  • If you have family members or friends who are camping or hunting in the area, make sure to advise emergency officials.
Step 4: Pre-Mapped Out Evacuation Route
  • Calgary, Alberta
  • Calgary Alberta Map showing 4 evacuation routes from Lake Bonavista
  • Calgary to Drumheller map
  • map showing route Calgary to Drumheller
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Step 4 is fully portrayed below in extensive detail. This chart sums it up quickly:

Lets Continue:

Part of your evacuation plan will include pre-determined routes out of the city. Know your options. Also, be patient. The Smith’s are in a population dense region of the city. Leaving in a timely order will allow for smoother flow.

The Smith’s have 2 possible destinations chosen in case of an evacuation. They decided that they would choose to have options in case of unforeseen circumstances of one not being available.

#1: Longview, AB – An hour away from the city, on the south side. Grandparents lives here for them to stay with.

#2: Drumheller, AB – Two hours away, to the east. Family friends live there on an acreage.

The Smith’s Mom & Dad discussed the options, and chose Drumheller to avoid heading in the direction of Fish Creek Park (to their south) where the fire was raging, and anticipate with how close the fire is to home, not being able to come back immediately. The friend acreage allows for more space, and more distance from the city. To avoid being on Deerfoot longer than necessary, the Smith’s plan to drive on back roads as often as possible. In their emergency binder they have a map of Alberta, and a map of Calgary.

Scenarios & Factors to Consider:

FireFort McMurray Wildfire Evacuation

  • How is the air quality index? This gov of Canada link shows you up to date content within Canada
  • Smoke inhalation – keep windows closed if evacuating with personal vehicle
  • Which direction is the wind blowing?
  • Are all roadways open?

Floodflooded streets

  • Does your route involve crossing bridges?
  • Does your route travel near or along side any bodies of water?
  • Are certain road ways or routes closed that you would typically take?

Other Emergencies

  • Power lines down, pipes bursting, or other situations require different responses. Plan your route accordingly to avoid those areas.
  • Having to evacuate, but not being able to go home first. This is everyone’s worst nightmare I would imagine. Being evacuated without being able to take any of your personal belongings, or your strategically packed and organized evacuation preparedness supplies:

Remember: Your safety is literally the #1 priority

Shelter Options

  • Do you have a location to evacuate to? Or will you be needing to evacuate to a shelter?
      • A shelter will typically provide basic food, water, sanitation supplies, and first aid. Always bring your grab and go bag when possible if needing to evacuate to a shelter, if anything to assist in alleviating the possible volume the shelter will be supporting. Of course, if you cannot, then rest assured (and possibly a little patience), someone will help you and/or your family!
  • Is your evacuation location reachable/accessible? Do you have a plan B & plan C?

Transportation

  • Do you have a personal vehicle to evacuate? If not, emergency officials will have transportation available to those in dangerous areas. Stay tuned to local news.
  • Are you familiar with your local bus or public transportation routes? Taxi or Uber services may not be available, but a quick internet search or phone call can help you determine.
Mapped Routes:

The Smith family lives in Lake Bonavista, in Calgary, AB. Their community is surrounded by 4 major roadways: Anderson Rd & Canyon Meadows Drive, North/South roadways, and  Macleod Trail & Bow Bottom Trail, East/West roadways. The (fictional) Fire is encroaching on Canyon Meadows Drive so that roadway is officially closed, along with South-bound Macleod Trail.

They have 4 routes mapped out of their neighborhood & the city (shown above & below respectively with 4 different colors) to get them out of the city, based on road closures, and direction given by authorities.

  • The communities North of Lake Bonavista (Willow Park, Maple Ridge & Acadia) are on evacuation alert. They have been asked to Shelter in Place, to allow smoother evacuation of the closer-to-danger communities.
  • Note: If this emergency were a flood, the Smith family would use a different evac plan, ensuring that personal belongings were secure prior to leaving their home, particularly because they live next to a lake. They have a route in place to get out of their neighborhood, avoiding roadways near the water.
Step 5: Contact Destination

When time permits, the Smith’s contact the family in Drumheller to state they are en-route for an undetermined amount of time.

Once settled in for the drive, the Smith’s start the process of communication to others:

  • Contact all the necessary family, neighbors and friends
  • Call places of employment stating they are in the evacuation zone, and won’t be to work until further notice.
  • Son’s school is outside of the evacuation zone. Email sent to inform them Son will be out until further notice
  • Mom directs Son to post in the group chat (from his smart phone) for the basketball team on Dad’s behalf to state that practices were postponed until further notice
  • Mom emailed daycare to let them know Daughter wouldn’t be coming until further notice
  • Son & Mom checked family calendar, and cancelled or postponed schedule appointments

The After-Math

There are financial programs available to Canadians after an emergency, depending on the details and situation. Be sure to keep any receipts, a log of events during your experience, and all pertinent information (consider a sleeve in your emergency binder). This is a short list just to name a few programs available:

Returning Home & Back to Life Post Emergency:

Returning home can cause undue stress and anguish. Utilize emotional supports available. You are not alone. The Alberta.ca site details a lot of post-emergency support and suggestions here. Here we will see how the Smith’s integrate:

  • The Smith’s did not return home until they had received confirmation from authorities to do so
  • Yard clean up: they were fortunate to not lose their home, but there is lots of ash and smoke to be rinsed and cleaned up
  • Home check: be sure everything is working, operating, and safe. If there was any damage, photos & documentation every step of the way for insurance purposes
  • The Smith’s went next door to each neighbor to ensure they had made it home safely, and helped out wherever they could
  • Monitor yourself and your loved ones for signs of distress, which could include:
    • difficulty sleeping
    • emotional outbursts
    • anxiety
    • depression or unexplained physical issues

Here is a list of posts we have created with some further insights and information pertinent to this topic. Also peruse the Academy for other pieces of knowledge:

  1. Seniors Sheltering in Place
  2. Creating an Emergency binder
  3. Building a 72 Hour Kit
  4. Emergency Food
  5. Emergency Water
  6. Flood Preparedness
  7. It Won’t Happen to Me, Right? 
  8. Is Your Family Ready for a Disaster? 10 Essential Questions to Ask
  9. Readiness in the Workplace. Creating an Office Plan
  10. Food Buckets For Emergencies

 

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What is Climate Change? Unraveling the Complexity

globe

Climate change has become a buzzword in global discussions, often accompanied by a multitude of opinions, perspectives, and strong feelings. It’s essential to cut through the noise and understand the core definition of climate change. Let’s explore the facts, acknowledging the diverse opinions while focusing on the scientifically grounded understanding of this phenomenon.

Defining Climate Change:

At its essence, climate change refers to long-term alterations in the Earth’s climate patterns. These changes manifest in shifts in temperature, precipitation, wind patterns, and other climatic elements. The key driver of contemporary climate change is the significant increase in greenhouse gas emissions, primarily carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide, largely attributed to human activities. These gases trap heat, leading to a warming of the planet, commonly referred to as global warming.

Scientific Consensus:

The scientific community, as represented by organizations like the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), is aligned in recognizing the reality of human-induced climate change. Extensive research has established a clear link between increased greenhouse gas concentrations and rising global temperatures, leading to widespread impacts on ecosystems, weather patterns, and sea levels.

Opinions and Skepticism:

Despite the overwhelming scientific consensus, various opinions exist regarding the extent and causes of climate change. Some individuals question the anthropogenic (human-caused) aspect, suggesting that natural factors play a predominant role in climate variations. Skepticism often centers around the complexity of climate science and the challenges in predicting future scenarios.

Strictly from a scientific perspective, the following natural factors are recognized in relation to climate change, but scientists have proven that though they are yes a natural influencing factor, human activity plays a heavier part (which makes sense as we have a huge, advancing population living on the earth today). Those natural factors include: solar variables, volcanic activity, oceanic patterns (such as El Nino & La Nina), and the concept that the Earth has always gone through natural warming and cooling phases.

Education Corner:

Let me define the two following concepts before we continue with the article to help understand the concept of climate change:

Global Warming – What Is It?

Global warming refers to the long-term increase in Earth’s average surface temperature due to human activities, primarily the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. The Earth’s climate has experienced natural variations over geological timescales, but the term “global warming” specifically relates to the significant and sustained warming observed since the mid-20th century.

While global warming is a component of climate change, the term is often used interchangeably with climate change. Climate change encompasses broader changes in climate patterns, including variations in precipitation, sea level rise, and changes in extreme weather events, all of which are influenced by the ongoing global warming trend.

What Is the Greenhouse Effect?

The greenhouse effect is a natural process that warms the Earth’s surface. It occurs when certain gases in the Earth’s atmosphere, known as greenhouse gases, absorb and re-emit the infrared radiation (heat) emitted by the Earth’s surface. These greenhouse gases act like a thermal blanket, trapping heat and preventing it from escaping into space. While the natural greenhouse effect is essential for maintaining a habitable temperature on Earth, human activities have significantly enhanced this effect, contributing to global warming and climate change.

Here’s how the greenhouse effect works:

  1. Sunlight Reaches Earth: The Sun emits energy in the form of visible light and other forms of electromagnetic radiation. This energy reaches the Earth and warms its surface.
  2. Earth Absorbs Energy: The Earth’s surface absorbs the incoming solar radiation, becoming warmer. As the Earth’s surface warms, it emits infrared radiation.
  3. Greenhouse Gases Trap Heat: Greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and water vapor (H2O), are present in the Earth’s atmosphere. When the Earth’s surface emits infrared radiation, greenhouse gases absorb some of this energy.
  4. Re-emission of Infrared Radiation: After absorbing the infrared radiation, greenhouse gases re-emit some of the energy in all directions, including back towards the Earth’s surface.
  5. Warming of the Atmosphere: This process results in an overall warming of the Earth’s surface and the lower atmosphere. It keeps the Earth’s temperature within a range that supports life as we know it.

Human activities, such as burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas), deforestation, and certain industrial processes, have significantly increased the concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. This enhanced greenhouse effect intensifies the trapping of heat, leading to global warming and climate change. The consequences of this anthropogenic (human-induced) warming include rising global temperatures, melting ice caps and glaciers, shifts in precipitation patterns, and more frequent and intense extreme weather events.

Lets carry on, shall we?
global warming climate change
Key Climate Change Indicators:

Understanding climate change involves examining key indicators that demonstrate shifts in our planet’s climate. These include:

  1. Rising Temperatures:
    • Global Temperature Trends: Over the last century, Earth’s average surface temperature has been on an upward trajectory. Each successive decade has been warmer than the preceding one, forming a clear trend of global warming.
    • Widespread Impacts: Rising temperatures have far-reaching impacts on ecosystems, weather patterns, and sea levels. They contribute to the melting of ice, changes in precipitation patterns, and shifts in the distribution of plant and animal species.
    • Attribution to Human Activities: The primary driver of recent temperature increases is the heightened concentration of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, in the atmosphere. These gases trap heat and lead to the warming of the planet, a phenomenon predominantly caused by human activities like burning fossil fuels and deforestation.
  2. Melting Ice and Glaciers:
    • Polar Ice Melt: The polar regions, including the Arctic and Antarctic, are experiencing significant ice loss. This contributes to rising sea levels and has implications for global climate systems.
    • Sea Level Rise: As glaciers and polar ice caps melt, the runoff contributes to the swelling of the world’s oceans. This rise in sea levels poses risks to low-lying coastal areas, leading to increased vulnerability to storm surges and coastal flooding.
    • Albedo Effect: Surfaces with a high albedo, such as ice and snow, reflect a significant portion of incoming solar radiation (bright surfaces reflect more sunlight). This reflects sunlight back into space, preventing it from being absorbed by the Earth’s surface. The melting of ice reduces the Earth’s albedo, or reflectivity. With less ice to reflect sunlight, more heat is absorbed by the darker surfaces, further contributing to warming trends.
  3. Extreme Weather Events:
    • Hurricanes and Typhoons: The warming of sea surface temperatures provides the energy for more intense tropical storms. This results in an increased frequency of powerful hurricanes, typhoons, and cyclones.
    • Heatwaves: Rising temperatures contribute to more frequent and prolonged heatwaves. These events can have severe consequences for human health, agriculture, and ecosystems.
    • Flooding and Heavy Precipitation: The warmer atmosphere holds more moisture, leading to increased precipitation during heavy rainfall events. This contributes to the risk of flooding, as witnessed in various parts of the world.
  4. Ocean Acidification:
    • Carbon Dioxide Absorption: Oceans play a crucial role in regulating the Earth’s climate by absorbing significant amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. However, this absorption process leads to a chemical reaction that increases the acidity of seawater.
    • Impact on Marine Ecosystems: Ocean acidification has detrimental effects on marine life, particularly organisms with calcium carbonate shells and skeletons, such as corals, mollusks, and some plankton. It can hinder their ability to build and maintain their protective structures, threatening entire ecosystems.
    • Cascading Effects: Disruptions to marine ecosystems have broader consequences, affecting fisheries, biodiversity, and the livelihoods of communities dependent on healthy oceans. This interconnectedness underscores the importance of addressing the root cause of ocean acidification—elevated carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere.

What Can I Do, In My Home, Today?

electricityConserve Energy:
    • Turn off lights and electronic devices when not in use.
    • Use energy-efficient appliances and LED bulbs.
    • Unplug chargers and appliances when they’re not actively charging or in use.
Reduce Water Usage:
    • Fix any leaks promptly.
    • Install water-efficient fixtures and appliances.
    • Consider using a low-flow showerhead.
Waste Reduction:
    • Recycle paper, plastic, glass, and metal.
    • Compost organic waste, reducing the amount sent to landfills.
    • compostingAvoid single-use plastics and opt for reusable items.
    • Reduce, reuse, recycle
    • Consider repurposing items before disgarding them.
Energy-Efficient Heating and Cooling:
    • Consider setting your thermostat a few degrees lower in winter.
    • Seal drafts around windows and doors to improve insulation.
    • Use programmable thermostats to optimize energy use.
Green Transportation:
    • Use public transportation, carpool, or bike.
    • Consider an electric or fuel-efficient vehicle when upgrading.
    • Combine errands to reduce the number of trips.
Plant Trees and Maintain Green Spaces:
    • Trees absorb carbon dioxide and provide oxygen.planting a tree
    • Maintain a garden or green space around your home.
    • Participate in local tree-planting initiatives.
Conscious Consumer Choices:
    • Choose products with minimal packaging.
    • Buy locally-produced and sustainably-sourced items.
    • Support businesses and brands committed to environmentally-friendly practices.
Educate Yourself and Others:
    • Stay informed about climate change and its impacts.
    • Share information with friends and family to raise awareness.
    • Engage in discussions about climate action.
Participate in Community Initiatives:
    • Join or support local environmental groups and initiatives. Remember, initiatives does not mean extremists. Do your homework, find people you feel comfortable supporting.
    • Participate in community clean-ups and tree-planting events.
    • Encourage local businesses and authorities to adopt sustainable practices.

Remember that small actions, when multiplied, can have a significant impact. By adopting sustainable practices in your daily life, you contribute to a collective effort to mitigate the effects of climate change. Additionally, your individual choices can inspire others and contribute to a broader cultural shift towards sustainability.

 

Conclusion:

In the realm of climate change, a spectrum of opinions exists, reflecting the complexity of the issue. However, the core facts remain grounded in scientific consensus – human activities significantly contribute to the changing climate. Recognizing the reality of climate change is the first step towards a collective, informed effort to safeguard our planet for current and future generations. The dialogue must shift from whether climate change is occurring to how we can collectively address its impacts and work towards a more sustainable future.

From a personal stand point, as an Albertan, I know that the word “climate change” feels like an attack word, and many people get defensive and upset. However, as I have researched and learned more about the actual science behind climate change, I see the importance of seeking ways to reduce that “carbon footprint” for the safety of our planet. This is not a political statement, nor is it agreeing with current policies and decisions. I hope we can all look with eyes of understanding as ideas and options are presented to address this growing concern. I respect you, and I respect my home :) 

 

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11 Unexpected Challenges: Beyond Natural Disasters

flowers on a post at a funeral

Life’s unexpected challenges extends beyond the realms of natural disasters. From industrial incidents to personal upheavals, preparedness helps us persevere.

1. Gas Plant Leak:

  • Scenario: A local gas plant leak poses immediate dangers to nearby communities, leading to health risks and potential evacuations.
  • What do I do now? 
    • Stay informed and up to date with your local news.
    • Follow the instructions given – shelter in place or evacuation.
    • Have a well-stocked emergency kit, and car kit.
    • Have a 1, 3, 6, 9, or 12 month food storage
    • Have emergency plans in place, and meeting locations for family members if getting home is not an option

2. Railway Accident:

  • Scenario: A train derailment or collision may result in hazardous material spills, injuries, and/or significant disruptions to local communities.
  • What do I do now?:
    • Familiarize yourself with emergency response procedures being communicated to you, and ensure your family knows evacuation routes and emergency contacts.
    • Follow the instructions being given from your local authorities
    • Have a well-stocked emergency kit, and car kit.
    • Have a 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 month food storage
    • Have emergency plans in place, and meeting locations for family members if getting home is not an option

3. Loss of Power:electricity

  • Scenario: Power outages from severe weather or infrastructure
  • What do I do now?:
    • Locate your flashlights, batteries, non-perishable foods, and backup power source if you have one, like a generator or solar power system.
    • Tune into your local news channel to confirm the source of the power loss. Follow the instructions of your local authorities. 
    • Have a well-stocked emergency kit, and car kit.
    • Have a 1, 3, 6, 9, or 12 month food storage
    • Have emergency plans in place, and meeting locations for family members if getting home is not an option
    • If you are in an area prone to regular loss of power, have a backup power source should be priority

4. Unemployment:

  • Scenario: Job loss can bring financial strain and uncertainty to households.
  • What do I do now?
    • Use your emergency fund
    • Seek job loss support services within your community. Or depending on the circumstances of the job loss, EI (employment insurance) may be accessible
    • Have a 1, 3, 6, 9 or 12 month emergency fund. Consistently be paying yourself to reach and maintain whatever your goal fund is
    • Keep skills and certifications up to date
    • Have an up to date resume
    • Network

5. Food/Supply Chain Shortages:

One month premium pre-built survival food supply

  • Scenario: Disruptions in the supply chain can lead to shortages of essential goods, affecting availability and prices. Remember the toilet paper fiasco of 2020? And most recently, the sugar shortage of 2023?
  • What do I do now?
    • Use your currently stored food storage
    • Stay informed about local and global supply chain issues, and explore alternative sources for essential items
    • Have a 1, 3, 6, 9, or 12 month food storage of food you will eat
    • Have an inventory of your food and water supply
    • Let us help! Check out these prebuilt kits, or reach out to us to help you custom build your own.

6. Personal Injuries:

  • Scenario: Accidents or health crises results in personal injuries, requiring immediate attention and care.
  • What do I do now?
    • Learn basic first aid and CPR
    • Know the location of the nearest medical facilities.
    • Utilize your health benefits
    • If a work accident, utilize workers compensation
    • If the accident affects your ability to work, utilize short/long term disability services
    • Have workers compensation to cover work accidents – report all work injuries immediately. Know your rights as an employee
    • If you have extended benefits, be aware what you have access to

7. Supporting an Extended Family Member:family cooking a meal together, learning how to cook

  • Scenario: A family member is in a situation where you have graciously agreed to support them. Taking on the responsibility of caring for an extended family member can be emotionally and financially challenging.
  • What do I do now?
    • Develop a support network within your family
    • Understand available community resources and services
    • Create a plan with said family member
    • Create caregiving plans in advance for the well-being of all family members involved.
    • Consider your 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 month food storage.

8. Cybersecurity Breach:

  • Scenario: A cyberattack compromises your personal and financial information, leading to identity theft or financial loss.
  • What do I do now?
    • Change passwords
    • Contact financial institution and make a claim with their fraud department
    • Check your bank statements for other suspicious activity
    • Use strong, unique passwords
    • Enable two-factor authentication
    • Regularly update software
    • Educate yourself on cybersecurity best practices
    • Do your personal accounting and balance your accounts each month (or more often) to catch suspicious activiy

9. Civil Unrest:peaceful protest demanding justice and change

  • Scenario: Political or social upheavals can lead to civil unrest, protests, or disruptions in public services.
  • What do I do?
    • Decide what your involvement may or may not look like
    • Stay informed about local and global events
    • Use your communication plan with family members and contact those you need to
    • Follow the advice to shelter in place or evacuate per your local authorities
    • Be aware of safe locations and evacuation routes. Have emergency plans in place
    • Be prepared emotionally. Self-assess. Determine your strengths and weaknesses (individually and as a family) and know what roles you each can play in handling stressful situations

10. Unexpected Legal Issues:

  • Scenario: Legal challenges: divorce, legal disputes and arrests.
  • What do I do?
    • If you aren’t sure what to do, start researching. Ask questions. Contact a lawyer or legal aide. Know your options.
    • Find a trusted person to help guide you through making difficult or challenging questions.
    • Have access to legal counsel
    • Maintain important documents
    • Understand basic legal rights to navigate unexpected legal issues

11. Loss of a Loved One:

  • Scenario: Losing a loved one is an emotional time.
  • What do I do?
    • Allow yourself time to grieve. Be open and honest with family and friends about your status and accept hugs and help as needed. Access grief support resources.
    • Follow your plan in place. Go through the motions necessary (as every circumstance is different)
    • Maintain open communication with family members about end-of-life wishes
    • Have a comprehensive estate plan
    • Keep a list of trusted people whom you can talk to or reach out to

Conclusion:

Life’s uncertainties demand our attention and proactive planning. Preparedness helps in facing non-natural disasters with strength and adaptability, emerging intact and even stronger on the other side. Preparedness transforms adversity into an opportunity for growth.

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,

Unseen Forces: Lesser Known Natural Disasters

man walking through a snow storm

Natural disasters often steal our attention, yet amidst ‘the big ones’, numerous lesser-discussed catastrophes silently shape our world. This exploration takes us into discussion some lesser known natural disasters.

1. Dust Storms: The Silent Giants:

Dust storms, or haboobs, may not draw headlines like tornadoes or hurricanes, but these massive walls of dust, fueled by strong winds, can wreak havoc. Obscuring landscapes and causing respiratory issues, dust storms are a reminder that nature’s fury takes many forms.

road falling apart after a natural disaster

While less common in Canada to experience a severe dust storm (like they would more regularly in the Saharan Desert), areas with significant human activities, such as agriculture, deforestation, and construction, can experience dust storms. For example, the Dust Bowl in the United States during the 1930s was a result of poor land management practices combined with severe drought conditions.

  • Combine a drought and a wind storm, and a dust storm is highly possible.

2. Sinkholes: Nature’s Unseen Cracks:

Beneath our feet, the hidden danger of sinkholes lurk. Triggered by factors like heavy rainfall or human activities, these sudden collapses can swallow buildings or roads, revealing the delicate balance between what we build and the Earth’s forces.

https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/sinkhole-emergency-calgary-road-repairs-1.6852642 Here is a CBC news article giving example of a sink hole appearing in SE Calgary, Alberta May 2023.

https://www.wctrib.com/news/4-missing-after-canadian-home-falls-in-sinkhole And here is a huge, and tragic sink hole example (from the West Central Tribune) in Saint-Jude, Quebec in 2010.

3. Volcanic Hail & Ash: Nature’s Fiery Fury:

Volcanic hail, or lapilli, is a phenomenon where small volcanic rock fragments rain down during an eruption. Beyond flowing lava, eruptions bring dangerous projectiles, causing damage to infrastructure and human safety. Volcanic hail paints a vivid picture of the impact of a volcanic event.

The eruption of Mount St. Helens in Washington (1980) generated a massive ash cloud that reached high into the atmosphere. The ash was composed of fine rock and mineral particles that were pulverized during the eruption. The ash cloud traveled for hundreds of miles, affecting ground traffic, air traffic, weather patterns, and visibility.

Since the 1980 eruption, Mount St. Helens has remained active, with ongoing geological monitoring. It serves as a valuable natural laboratory for scientists studying volcanic processes and ecosystem recovery.

              • The ash cloud from Mount St. Helens traveled eastward across the United States & Canada and travelled significant distances in the Northern Hemisphere
              • The ash cloud posed a severe threat to aviation as it can damage aircraft engines and other critical components. In response to the eruption, significant airspace restrictions and flight cancellations were implemented.
              • The ashfall had a profound impact on the local ecosystem, affecting vegetation, water bodies, and wildlife. However, over time, the area around Mount St. Helens has undergone a process of ecological recovery.
Image by Austin Post – Mount St. Helens, Washington May 18, 1980 Eruption Images, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3157557

 

4. Drought: Earth’s Parched Embrace:

Drought, a slow and insidious disaster, silently grips regions, causing water scarcity and agricultural crises. The prolonged absence of rainfall or lack of enough winter snowfall reveals the vulnerability of ecosystems and challenges our ability to adapt to changing climate patterns.

Of course, the most famous drought was during the “Dirty 30’s”, though that was not the last one our Country has experienced. Would it surprise you to know that we are (as of Dec 2023) currently experiencing drought conditions?

https://agriculture.canada.ca/en/agricultural-production/weather/canadian-drought-monitor/current-drought-conditions  The Agriculture section on the Canada.ca website portrays this:

5. Landslides and Avalanches: Nature’s Cascading Fury:

Landslides and avalanches, triggered by heavy rainfall or snowfall, pose significant threats to mountainous regions. Their sudden and destructive nature highlights the need for careful land-use planning and early warning systems in vulnerable areas.

In our own Rocky Mountains and all of Canada’s vast mountain regions, we must be well educated on avalanche safety. If you plan to venture out hiking, skiing, or any other winter sport of choice, consider taking an avalanche safety course and thoroughly educating yourself

Here are some landslide and avalanche examples from within Canada:
  • Frank Slide (1903) – Alberta:
    • One of the most famous landslides in Canadian history occurred in the town of Frank, Alberta, in 1903. A massive rockslide, known as the Frank Slide, buried part of the town under millions of tons of limestone rock from Turtle Mountain. The slide was triggered by the unstable geological formations in the area.
    • These two photos are of a trip we took through the Crowsnest Pass to see it. I can honestly say that no matter how many times I walk through the rubble, I am astounded by the magnitude of it.

  • Hope Slide (1965) – British Columbia:
    • The Hope Slide is one of the largest landslides in recorded Canadian history. It occurred in the Nicolum Valley near Hope, British Columbia, burying a stretch of Highway 3. The slide was triggered by heavy rainfall and the instability of the underlying rock formations.
  • Mount Meager Landslide (2010) – British Columbia:
    • In 2010, a massive landslide occurred on Mount Meager in British Columbia. The debris flow traveled down Capricorn Creek, creating a natural dam on Meager Creek. The event raised concerns about the potential for glacial outburst floods and impacted the landscape in the region.
  • Rogers Pass Avalanches (Multiple Events) – British Columbia:
    • Rogers Pass in the Selkirk Mountains of British Columbia is known for its history of avalanches. The area experiences frequent avalanche activity, and extensive avalanche control measures are in place to ensure the safety of the Trans-Canada Highway and the railway that pass through the region.
  • Dawson Landslide (2015) – Yukon:
    • In 2015, a large landslide occurred near the community of Dawson City in Yukon. The slide blocked the flow of the Yukon River, causing concerns about potential flooding. The incident highlighted the dynamic nature of the northern landscapes and the potential for geomorphic changes.

6. Blowing Snow, Freezing Rain, and Fog: Atmospheric Alchemies:

Blowing snow, freezing rain, and fog are atmospheric phenomena that can create hazardous conditions forwinter driving conditions transportation and daily life. These seemingly subtle events underscore the impact weather can have on our daily activities, demanding respect for the forces of nature.

Pro-Tip: If you do not have to be on the roads during these conditions, it is best to avoid it. I would hazard a guess that insurance companies would also give the same advice!

There are far too many examples of these 3 conditions in our wonderous Canadian homes to share. In fact, if you have an example with a lesson learned, please email it to me at BridenAcademy@bridensolutions.ca – if I get enough of them, I will create a post sharing all our personal “Lessons Learned”

7. Smoke: Beyond the Campfire

Fort McMurray Wildfire Evacuation

Smoke, often accompanying wildfires, can blanket vast areas, affecting air quality and visibility. Strong winds become the silent helpers, spreading fires and intensifying their impact. I cannot remember a year in the last 5 that we have not had wildfire smoke in our forecast. Some years worse than others of course.

 

Wildfires: Lets first learn about their purpose: while often seen as destructive events, they play several important roles in ecosystems and can have both short-term and long-term ecological impacts.

  • Wildfires are a natural and essential part of the ecological cycle. Some plant species have evolved to be fire-dependent, relying on wildfires to clear away dead vegetation, open up space for new growth, and stimulate seed germination.
  • Wildfires break down organic matter and release nutrients back into the soil. This process, known as mineralization, replenishes the soil with essential nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus. The enriched soil can support the growth of new vegetation.

Knowing that wildfires (particularly the non-human started ones, but that’s an entirely different post) are good for ecosystems, does not make the smoke and air quality easy for us oxygen breathing humans.

Educate yourself on the air quality index found HERE to keep yourself safe, and follow proper protocol provided by your local authorities.

8. Cold Temperatures and Wind Chill: Nature’s Temperature Extremes:

Extreme cold temperatures challenging us to cope with the diverse climates that Canada can unleash. Best practice for cold temperatures and wind chill include proper outer wear, avoiding exposure of skin, and limited time in the elements.

HOW WIND CHILL WORKS:

  • When wind blows in cold conditions, it intensifies the perception of coldness on exposed skin, a phenomenon known as wind chill. Wind chill is more than just a subjective feeling – it reflects the increased rate of heat loss from the body. As wind speed rises, it strips away the thin layer of warm air near the skin, accelerating the cooling process.
  • This heightened cooling effect not only makes the air feel colder but also increases the risk of frostbite and hypothermia. In regions prone to severe winter weather, wind chill advisories and warnings are crucial for public safety, guiding individuals to take precautions such as dressing in layers, covering exposed skin, and limiting outdoor activities to prevent cold-related health issues.

Our Territories (Yukon, NWT & Nunavut) hold the overall coldest temperatures on a year-to-year average basis, but some of the provinces sneak in there with some particularly cold moments on occasion! Wikipedia mentions a few documented -60C moments over the past 100+ years. Brrr!

Conclusion:

In the intricate web of natural disasters, these lesser-known events weave a narrative of Earth’s complexity. By understanding and respecting the full spectrum of calamities, we can better prepare for the unseen forces shaping our world.

We did not discuss specifically what to do, or how to get through these disasters in this article. My hope however is for everyone to see that a disaster does not need arrive in the form of a tornado, a flood, or an earthquake to be a disaster. A disaster by definition is a sudden, catastrophic event that causes significant disruption, destruction, and/or distress, and I’ll add to that, often unexpected.

Nature’s surprises are boundless, and our journey to move forward through it is so much easier if we are prepared. Knowledge is power my friends. We are on the right track. Have a great day!

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